Saturday, November 28, 2009

Novriska Adini


Anorexia and Bulimia
            In today society, where physical characteristics are used to measure beauty, people especially women are willing to push their bodies to extreme to achieve physical perfection. Sometimes, those women take the wrong way to get what they want. Those unfortunate women desire can cause them to develop eating disorder. The two most common are called “anorexia and bulimia”. Anorexia and bulimia are both serious eating disorder with some differences and similarities.
            There are five (5) major causes of anorexia and bulimia. The first cause of an eating disorder is that some teens place too much of an emphasis on their appearances. Those people do not like the way they look, which causes them to have an eating disorder as for as they feel need to change their appearances. The second cause is they are not comfortable with their bodies when they develop secondary sex characteristics. These people, especially girls, notice that their bodies are changing and growing and they develop an eating disorder trying to make their bodies back to the way it was before. The third cause is that some teens are perfectionists. These people see their body and think that their weight is wrong and their body is not perfect, so they develop an eating disorder trying to make their body perfect. The fourth cause is that some teens feel they have no control over their lives. They feel that the only thing they can control is how much, when, and what kind of food they should eat and should not eat. The final cause is the people who have eating disorder are not able to express their emotions. These cause them to develop an eating disorder because they either turn to food for comfort or turn away from food when they are overcome by emotion.
            Anorexia and bulimia are different although they have some similarities. The characteristics of both eating disorders are different. Anorexic individuals are likely to skip meals and refrain from eating. The anorexic will appear weak, such as frail bones and sunken in cheeks. In contrast to anorexic, bulimic individuals are likely to binge eat and vomiting afterward. They will appear more likely to have swollen cheeks and extremely unhealthy teeth. The skipping meals and the vomiting things are used by the anorexics or bulimics so they can get the right or even perfect weight.
            Anorexia are often occurs in teenage girl. They are very thin, deny they have a problem, withdraw from others, have no menstrual periods, and resist being treated. The anorexics think that slim or skinny is beautiful so they will keep their weight by avoiding eating. In contrast to anorexics, bulimia are often occurs in women in their early to mid-twenties. They have normal weight, realize they have a problem, have a desire to eat, are outgoing and social, have irregular periods, and are likely to seek help when confronted. The bulimics are so afraid of gaining extra pounds and they pick the wrong way to solve their problem so they develop an eating disorder.
            Although experts may differ in their approach, most agree on at least one fact: eating disorders are not just about food. It is about the physical perfection either. Indeed, from those explanation eating disorders should not happen to us since they are vary dangerous illness which can cause death because it is too late to get the right help.

Friday, November 27, 2009

GALUH PRAKASA

Great Places for Learning

Knowledge is an important part of our life. Without knowledge we will be nothing in society. As we know, people are appreciated because of their skills, wealth, and knowledge. So, it is necessary that we study more and further to have more knowledge. Today, one of the most important steps in society for learning is go to schools or universities to gain knowledge. Schools and universities aim for the same goal, which is acquiring an education and graduating. Both have similarities terms in structural and prominent features. In spite of several similar characteristics that can be found in both schools and universities, there are undeniable things that distinguish them from one to another.

Schools resemble universities in a way that both places are chosen for learning. Like schools, universities are places where students obtain knowledge. In both schools and universities, teachers or lectures give us material and we will be tested on it. Schools are institution offering a system of compulsory public education. Similarly, universities are institution of higher education and of research. Both also grant academic degrees.

Schools are comparable with universities in terms of their structural and prominent features. Schools consist of a head, teachers, students, and staff workers. Likewise, Universities consist of a head, lectures, students, and staff workers. A principal is the head of a school while a dean is the head of a university. Schools have facilities such as classrooms, libraries, staff rooms, parking areas, and football fields. In the same way, universities have facilities such as classrooms, libraries, staff rooms, parking areas, and basketball courts.

Schools and universities are great places for learning. Both have great facilities which can support the students’ development. However, schools and universities have differences in policies.

Schools put more rules on formality, but universities do not emphasize much on it. Unlike in schools, in universities, we are allowed to dressy dress that we are comfortable with as long as it is not against the dress codes. In contrast to universities, schools usually have their own unique uniform as their identity. Different from schools classes, universities classes are more flexible because students get to choose what hours during the day they want to attend a class if an alternative is available.

Schools and universities are dissimilar in terms of the assignments and tests given. Students in schools are given homework whereby the answer can usually be found from the text books or the notes. In contrast, students in universities almost always have to do extensive researches in order to be able to complete the assignments. Whereas students in schools usually get homework one a week or once each two weeks, students in universities get homework almost everyday. In schools, testing is frequent and usually covers small amounts of material. In addition, mastery is usually seen as the ability to reproduce what we have taught in the form in which it was presented to us, or to solve the kind of problems we were shown how to solve. On the other hand, in universities, testing is usually infrequent and covers large amounts of material. Moreover, mastery is often seen as the ability to apply what we have learned to new situations or to solve new kind of problems.

In sum, despite of several differences, both schools and universities are great places to acquire knowledge. They have great capability to support students’ development. So, as long as students are willing to work hard and improve themselves, they will be able to excel in both schools and universities.

Tri Agusti Setyarini

Two Marvelous Restaurants

Nowadays, there are a lot of restaurants opened with various menus. Restaurant is a common place which can be found in almost place. Similar to every restaurant wherever it places, RB and Family restaurant that are located at my village serve their costumers with a good service. They are vying to attract the costumer. Most people in my village prefer RB restaurant to Family restaurant when they want to eat Meat Soto. Eventhough they both serve Meat Soto, the differences in menu, service and overall atmosphere set them a part from one another.
Family restaurant offer elegant, elaborate dishes on its menu, while RB restaurant only serve one special menu. For example Meat Soto, when the Meat Soto lovers in my village want to eat Meat Soto they prefer RB restaurant to Family restaurant. The ingredient of Meat Soto in RB restaurant consists of non fatty meat ad the sauce is free from the fat. On the contrary, the ingredients of Meat Soto at both restaurants are really different. From each ingredient, it makes the taste between the two restaurants are different. The Meat Soto lovers are not satisfied with the Meat Soto menu in Family restaurant. In the other hand, they can not find the other menu in RB restaurant.
The next thing that distinguishes each restaurant is its service. Although both restaurants give impeccable service, but RB restaurant gives better welcome service to the guess. When dining at the RB restaurant, each costumer is greeted by skillful dressed staff. The staff is kind and polite. The staff greats each costumer with the traditional word “monggo’ (means please come in), and treats them with the most respect and dignity. In contrast, at Family restaurant the entire staffs do not great each costumer with the traditional word and they do not ask what the costumer order. The costumers just write what they order on a piece of paper and give it to the staff.
The final distinguish characteristic is the restaurant’s atmosphere, the atmosphere at RB restaurant is serene, while the atmosphere at Family restaurant is comfortable, but rather crowded by the sounds of the vehicles in the main road. The dining-table in RB restaurant is round, and it can limit the number of food. On the other hand, the dining-table in the Family restaurant is long square table, then the costumer can put the food as many as they want.
In brief, RB and Family restaurant are not too different; in menus, service and atmosphere. What set them a part is the taste of their special dishes Meat Soto.

Thursday, November 26, 2009

Ziadatul H.

The Dream Team

English Premier League is known as the most competitive league amongst the other leagues, such as Italian Serie A and Bundes Liga Germany. This situation happens because in English Premier League there are so many great football teams with star players from all around the world, such as Manchester United, Chelsea, and Liverpool. Amid the others, Liverpool and Chelsea are caught in the fierce rivalry. Both of them have their own positive and negative sides. Yet, Liverpool is better than Chelsea because of three aspects; performance and achievements, teamwork, and team management.

The first reason why Liverpool is reasonably better than Chelsea is because their performance is relatively good. But, many people claimed that Liverpool’s style is quite monotonous and lack of creativity. In fact, it does not affect to their achievement so far, Liverpool has already earned five Champion League Europe Cups, eighteen English Premier League Cups, seven FA Cups, etc. The second reason is about the teamwork. In spite of having a bunch of star players, they are able to play solidly as a team. Liverpool has several vital players such as Fernando Torres, Steven Gerard, and Carragher. This situation can turns out bad because of dependency towards these key players. If one of them is absent, it will impinge on the whole match. The third reason is the team management. So far, Rafael Benitez has become a wonderful manager. Nevertheless, since season 2007-2008, his ability to manage the team has been questioned.

Compared to Chelsea, it seemed that Chelsea cannot compete against Liverpool based on; first, their performance and achievements. Not as good as Liverpool, so far Chelsea had never won Champion League Cup, and only won English Premier League several times. Unlike Liverpool, actually they have a creative style and tactics, but it is worthless without teamwork. Based on their teamwork, basically Chelsea has more star players than Liverpool, such as Didier Drogba and Michael Ballack. In spite of this, their teamwork is very poor. They cannot perform well and are not solid as a team because of racial diversity and selfishness of each player. About their team management, different from Liverpool which has only one manager for nearly six years, Chelsea has several managers back then. The transition amid each manager makes their performance becomes so unsteady.

Actually, Liverpool and Chelsea have a lot of similarity. Both of them are big football teams with millions pond sterling budget and income. Each of them has a lot of star players from all around the world that make racial diversity in the team. Chelsea and Liverpool are also in the same division of English Premier League. In spite of these similarities, considered to their performance and achievements, teamwork, and team management, they are slightly different. Regardless of being deficient in creativity, Liverpool has more achievements than Chelsea. Liverpool also has a solid teamwork, through the racial diversity of each player. Apart from being doubted by many people, Rafael Benitez is a great manager of Liverpool who leads Liverpool to reach their achievements. All of all, Liverpool Football Club is more than a match for Chelsea. 

The Drem Team

The Dream Team

English Premier League is known as the most competitive league amongst the other leagues, such as Italian Serie A and Bundes Liga Germany. This situation happens because in English Premier League there are so many great football teams with star players from all around the world, such as Manchester United, Chelsea, and Liverpool. Amid the others, Liverpool and Chelsea are caught in the fierce rivalry. Both of them have their own positive and negative sides. Yet, Liverpool is better than Chelsea because of three aspects; performance and achievements, teamwork, and team management.

The first reason why Liverpool is reasonably better than Chelsea is because their performance is relatively good. But, many people claimed that Liverpool’s style is quite monotonous and lack of creativity. In fact, it does not affect to their achievement so far, Liverpool has already earned five Champion League Europe Cups, eighteen English Premier League Cups, seven FA Cups, etc. The second reason is about the teamwork. In spite of having a bunch of star players, they are able to play solidly as a team. Liverpool has several vital players such as Fernando Torres, Steven Gerard, and Carragher. This situation can turns out bad because of dependency towards these key players. If one of them is absent, it will impinge on the whole match. The third reason is the team management. So far, Rafael Benitez has become a wonderful manager. Nevertheless, since season 2007-2008, his ability to manage the team has been questioned.

Compared to Chelsea, it seemed that Chelsea cannot compete against Liverpool based on; first, their performance and achievements. Not as good as Liverpool, so far Chelsea had never won Champion League Cup, and only won English Premier League several times. Unlike Liverpool, actually they have a creative style and tactics, but it is worthless without teamwork. Based on their teamwork, basically Chelsea has more star players than Liverpool, such as Didier Drogba and Michael Ballack. In spite of this, their teamwork is very poor. They cannot perform well and are not solid as a team because of racial diversity and selfishness of each player. About their team management, different from Liverpool which has only one manager for nearly six years, Chelsea has several managers back then. The transition amid each manager makes their performance becomes so unsteady.

Actually, Liverpool and Chelsea have a lot of similarity. Both of them are big football teams with millions pond sterling budget and income. Each of them has a lot of star players from all around the world that make racial diversity in the team. Chelsea and Liverpool are also in the same division of English Premier League. In spite of these similarities, considered to their performance and achievements, teamwork, and team management, they are slightly different. Regardless of being deficient in creativity, Liverpool has more achievements than Chelsea. Liverpool also has a solid teamwork, through the racial diversity of each player. Apart from being doubted by many people, Rafael Benitez is a great manager of Liverpool who leads Liverpool to reach their achievements. All of all, Liverpool Football Club is more than a match for Chelsea. 

Name:Ziadatul Hikmiah

NIM: 108221416256

Swasti Prawidya Mukti


Battle of Battle Stories


Two of the world’s greatest epics are Ramayana and Mahabharata. Telling about kingdoms and wars, both were written in India around the 4th century. I dare say that they are among the world’s most eminent literatures because up to now they still own big influence on Indian and Hinduism culture for they have a lot of messages that people follow as their guide of life; in another words, they are also considered as a kind of holy book. Despite those excellences, Ramayana and Mahabharata have several differences which are on the main problem of the story, the characters, and the plot arrangement.

The very first difference is on the main problem of the whole story; what causes the conflict. In Ramayana, the conflict is caused by a fight over a woman named Sita, Rama’s wife who is kidnapped by Rahwana. It is also a fight for honor then, since for a king, his queen is his dearest pride. While in Mahabharata, the war between Pandawa and Kurawa is caused by a quarrel over the rights to rule Hastinapura Kingdom. Accordingly, the difference on the main problem makes the plot remarkably diverse since the problem affects the story from the beginning up to the end.

Another difference between these two epics is on the characterization. In Ramayana, only few characters appear frequently as the main characters such as Rama, Rahwana, Indrajit, Wibisana, Laksmana, and Hanuman. The others are just side characters who help Rama or Rahwana in the warfare, for example Satrugna, Sugriwa, and Bharata. This way of characterization is caused by the fact that the conflict is only between two men. Meanwhile, the war in Mahabharata is between two families, Pandawa and Kurawa, which mean that more people are involved in the warfare. Pandawa themselves consist of five men; all of them turn up so often as the major characters. On the side of Kurawa, although it consists of 100 men, only Duryudana and Dursasana turn up a lot. In addition, some characters who do not belong to either Pandawa or Kurawa like Abimanyu, Kresna, Bisma, Sanjaya, Widura, and Karna can be regarded as major characters since they appear quite often and they hold important rules in the story. Inevitably, every single character is unique and cannot be separated each other. Thus, distinction on the number of the characters makes the story remarkably different because more characters create more delicate story.

Moreover, these two epics have noticeable difference in on the plot arrangement. Ramayana has smoother current of events than Mahabharata. The events in Ramayana focus on the main problem, about how Rama attempts to get his wife back, with a few side-stories to clarify the main story.  On the contrary, Mahabharata has numerous side-stories that explain past events, morality, or somebody’s life. Side-stories might be found useful to help the readers in comprehending every sequence of the story. Unfortunately, side-stories might also sidetrack the reader from the main story and blur the actual plot because they make the story go back and forth. In conclusion, the difference on the plot arrangement that is triggered by the number of the side-stories contributes significant amount of appeal to the readers.

Despite those differences, both Ramayana and Mahabharata have their own outstanding charm, and are surely too noteworthy to be missed. Their content of cultural, moral, and spiritual values melts all together in the stories of the battles, which are hard to find in any modern literature. I do suggest you to read them, and I assure that you will not be able to close the book until you meet the last page.

Swasti Nourmawati

The Incredible Squirrel

There are thousand kinds of animal which live in America. One of them is squirrel. Squirrels are familiar to almost everyone. More than 200 squirrel species live all over the world, with the notable exception of United States .And there are many kinds of squirrel live in America, two kinds of them are the gray squirrel or Sciurus carolinensis and the southern flying squirrel or Glaucomys volans. Both of them are mammals. They are found in the eastern United States and adjacent southern Canada; New Brunswick to Manitoba, south to eastern Texas and Florida. Although they are the same species from one region and live in the same habitat, eat the same food, and have the same color, but actually they are different in size and behavior.
Generally, the gray squirrel and the southern flying squirrel have similarities in their habitat, food, and color. They are found in woodland areas in most parts of the eastern United States. They are also seen in many parks, backyards, and forests throughout the country. forests usually contain large amounts of dense vegetation that provides sufficient amount of food sources and favorable shelters for Squirrels. The gray squirrels bury acorns. They usually dig up the ground, finding by smell, not memory. Like the gray squirrel, the southern flying squirrel also often searches the ground for nuts, seeds, or acorns for their food. Both the gray squirrel and the southern flying squirrel eat a range of foods such as tree bark, many types of seeds and acorns, walnuts, and other nuts, and some types of fungi found in the forests. On very rare occasions, when its usual food source is scarce, they will also prey upon insects, frogs, small rodents. And similar to the gray squirrels, the southern flying squirrels also have the same color in their body, gray above and paler color below.
Besides, the gray squirrel and the southern flying squirrel also have differences. They are quite different in their size and behavior. The gray squirrels measure about 20-25 inches long, including the tail. The head and body length is from 23 to 30 cm, the tail from 19 to 25 cm, but the southern flying squirrels measure only about ten inches long, including the tail. They have large dark eyes and a flattened tail. And another difference is that the gray squirrels like to scamper up an down the trees and across the ground. In contrast, the southern flying squirrels like gliding from tree to tree. The southern flying squirrels have a furry membrane called a patagium which extends between the front and rear legs, used to glide through the air. Although graceful in flight, they are particularly vulnerable on the ground.
From the explanation above, we know now the similarities also the differences between the gray squirrel and the southern flying squirrel. Although from the appearance they look the same, but if we see and learn more about them, we finally know that actually they differ in the size and behavior.

By: Swasti Nourmawati
108221416249

Wednesday, November 25, 2009

Gundah

Honey : Sweet Diet

Honey, almost everyone likes it because of the sweet taste and it’s beneficial. You will get some advantages if you consume it. Keeping your metabolism system is one of the function. On the other hand, honey protects us from free radicals which are now blamed not only for making you look old, but also making you fat. One kind of honey which is preferred for those who are on diet is honey of Mango. It has a bit dark colour than honey of Randu which has brighter brown colour. Randu’s honey is appropriate for people who have no appetite. In contrast to honey of Mango, honey of Randu makes people love to eat. In fact, there are two essential reasons why honey of Mango is better for those who are on diet.

Generally, people is more common to Randu’s honey than Mango’s honey. You can find Randu’s honey easier in the store. Unlike Randu’s honey, honey of Mango can be found in the special honey stores. Actually, if you if you are on diet, you should decrease the consumption of Randu’s honey. It would usually boost your appetite and also makes people love to eat. That is why sometimes people called it as “Temulawak”. Therefore, Randu’s honey should be avoided for those who are on diet.

In contrast to Randu’s honey, Mango’s honey is suitable to consume for people who are on diet. It contains more fiber which is very useful for our digest system. It has less carbohydrate also. On the other hand, more antioxidants which can avoid free radicals can be found in the honey of Mango. Mango’s honey is suggested for people who are on diet.

In conclusion, honey of Mango is better for people who are on diet than honey of Randu because it contains more fiber and less carbohydrate. Besides, it also has

more antioxidants, a substance which as an agent to protect us from free radicals such as: Cl, CFC, etc. From those benefits we could conclude that honey of Mango is more appropriate for those who are on diet.

Silvia Rindika P.A

The Distinguish Features of

Good Neighboring Countries

Every country has relation to other countries. They usually work with one another to reach their goals together. They might have some similar features but they also have a lot of differences. Like many countries in the world, Indonesia and Malaysia have bilateral relationship. Indonesia and Malaysia have a lot of similarities and differences. Some similarities and differences of both countries make them good relationship and good neighboring countries. Indeed, Indonesia and Malaysia are similar in a way but also differ due to a couple of reasons.

The most obvious similarity between Indonesia and Malaysia is their belief. The religion that most people follow in Indonesia is Islam and so does Malaysia. It is showed that Indonesia and Malaysia have some Islamic political parties. There are some Islamic political parties in Indonesia, such as Crescent Start Party (Partai Bulan Bintang), National Awakening Party (Partai Kebangkitan Bangsa), Prosperous Justice Party (Partai Keadilan Sejahtera), and United Development Party (Partai Persatuan Pembangunan). Malaysia also has some Islamic political parties, such as United Malay National Organization, Pan Malaysian Islamic Front (Barisan Jemaah Islamiah Se-Malaysia) and Pan Malaysian Islamic Party (Partai Islam Se-Malaysia). Overall Indonesia and Malaysia have similarity in religion because each has the same kind of political party, which is Islamic party.

Despite this similarity, Indonesia and Malaysia have some differences. The first difference is the national languages of both countries. The national language in Indonesia is Indonesian, but the national language in Malaysia is Malay. Indonesian and Malay have differences in pronunciation, spelling and vocabulary. Pronunciations of both languages tend to be very different. The words in Indonesia are pronounced as spelt and enunciation tends to be clipped and faster than the Malay, which is spoken at more languorous pace. For example, “tujuh” in Indonesia is pronounced “tujoh” in Malay, “pilih in Indonesian is pronounced “pileh” in Malay. There are also a number of minor spelling differences in both languages, for instance, the word for ‘money’ is written as wang in Malay, but uang in Indonesian; while the word for ‘cake’ is written as kuih in Malay, but kue in Indonesian. Besides, Indonesian differs from Malay in having words of Javanese and Dutch origin, for example, the word for “post office” in Malay is “pejabat pos” (in Indonesian this means 'post officer'), whereas in Indonesian it is “kantor pos”, from the Dutch word for office, kantoor. There are also some Portuguese influences, for example, in Indonesian, Christmas is known as "Natal", whereas Malay uses "Krismas", derived from English. Apart from that, there are also a number of false friends in both languages. As these words are in quite common use in either or both of the languages, misunderstandings can arise. For instance, the word for “banci” means transvestite homo sexual in Indonesia, but census in Malay. In brief, Indonesian and Malay may seem almost identical for non-native speakers, they are slightly greater than those between British English and American English.

In addition, Indonesia and Malaysia also differ in political system. The political of Indonesia is a framework of a presidential representative democratic republic. Indonesia is a unitary state with power concentrated in the national government. In the Indonesian government, the power is vested in the executive, which is exercised by the government, legislative power is vested in both government and the two People’s Representative Councils and the judiciary is independent of the executive and the legislature. Different from Indonesia, Malaysia is a federal parliamentary monarchy, the Prime Minister of Malaysia is the head of government. The Malaysian political system refers to all those regulations and practices and the structure of laws that show how the government is run. Malaysian political system has a unique foundation on which is the country’s machinery function. In brief, Indonesia and Malaysia have difference in their political system.

In conclusion, Indonesia and Malaysia are similar in a way but also not same due to a couple of reasons. They have significant differences in language and political system. Nowadays, Indonesia and Malaysia face some conflicts, they can use their differences to maintain their good relationships.

Dian Tri Wahyuni

A Great Solution of the Global Financial Crisis

The global financial crisis started to show its effects in the mid 2007 to the mid 2008. The stock markets fell, large financial industries collapsed, and the economy condition was very bad around the world. Capitalism, the most successful wealth-creating economic system that the world has ever known, was also accompanied by a periodic recession. By the beginning of the twenty-first century, America, a leader of the world economy, had been significantly weakened. It was caused by failure of mayor capitalist power in managing some efforts to deal with international financial markets which were unstable. Then, many leaders started doubting the future of global capitalism. In that condition, sharia economy has blown some promising ways to overcome those global economy problems better than capitalist economy.
First of all, the essence of capitalism’s policy is free trade which is free international exchange and competition in the market. Capitalist economy’s market uses monopolistic and imperfect competitive market where anyone who has capital could dominate the market. In contrast to capitalist economy’s market, sharia economy’s market accepts market as the basic coordinating mechanism of the economic system through perfect competitive market. For the result, sharia economy’s market is more competitive because it not only allows consumers to obtain their desired-goods but also allows producers to sell their goods at an acceptable price based on their agreement.
Secondly, financial transaction of sharia economy differs from the capitalist ones. The main purpose of the financial transaction in capitalist economy is to get as much as money encouraged by interest on loans and most of the transactions in this system are speculative. On the other hand, sharia economy discourages the speculative system. There is no interest-bearing in sharia economy in order to create social welfare in the society. In that case, the financial transaction in sharia economy is more suitable to be used in recovering the economic crisis.
Third, compared to the capitalist economy, sharia economy is free from the interference of price fixing and hoarding. Sharia economy promotes a market free from interference such us price fixing and hoarding by government or the dominant power like in capitalist economy. It makes the condition of the market more stable because the producers and consumers are free to carry on with their activities and benefits mutually without other forces. There is no doubt to apply the sharia economy anymore.
Finally, the property system in sharia economy is dissimilar to the property system in capitalist economy. The property system in capitalist economy is considered as private right in which all property is privately owned. Conversely, the property system in sharia economy is divided into three categories; public property, state property, and private property. Public property is a common property of the community that refers to natural resources such as forest, air, and water. It can be used by citizens who have equal right, as long as the use of public property does not undermine the right of other citizens over it. Then, state property includes certain natural resources which have high value for humans especially mine resources. The last property category is private property that can privately be owned in some rules except public and state property. Actually, sharia economy is very appropriate in human property rights.
In summary, sharia economy is a better economic system than capitalist economy. Besides of having competitive market and no interest-bearing, sharia economy is also free from interference of price fixing and hoarding. Then, sharia economy has three categories of property (public, state, and private property). Indeed, because of those above mentioned reasons sharia economy could become a great solution for the global financial crisis.

Rizqi Adnamazida

A Sophisticated Device

Nowadays, mobile phone is not a new gadget anymore for everyone. They use it to keep in touch with other people who are far away from them. As time goes by, the brands of mobile phones offer many kinds of features on the mobile phones. Mobile phones are not only use to communicate, but also for a life style. Let’s say, in Indonesia there are some brands of mobile phones that always try to produce the best gadget, for example Nokia and Sony Ericsson. Both of them compete to get customer’s attention by creating the newest features on each mobile phone. Almost of all their products have similarities on its features, but they also have differences that make Nokia becomes more popular in Indonesia than Sony Ericsson.

The similarities of Nokia and Sony Ericsson’s features are on camera and video features, music player and speaker features, and internet connection features. Nokia has the N-series and Sony Ericsson has the C-series for camera and video mobile phones. Each of the N-series and the C-series has two megapixels camera at minimum. Second similarity is about music player and speaker, Nokia has the XpressMusic-series and Sony Ericsson has W-series to the customers who need the particular phone for playing the music. In addition, those mobile phones series have special content on the music player and clearer sound effect compared to the ordinary mobile phones. The last is internet connection features, similar to Sony Ericsson that offers the T-series, Nokia provides E-series which include 3G, video call, e-mail, wifi, and browser menus. Every mobile phone has unique quality, and both Nokia and Sony Ericsson have already produced it to the consumers.

Besides those similarities, Nokia and Sony Ericsson also have differences. The majority of Nokia is cheaper than Sony Ericsson though they serve same features on the mobile phones. Firstly, people could enjoy the XpressMusic-series from Nokia by spending a million rupiahs. However, people need more hundred rupiahs to have the W-series from Sony Ericsson. Afterward, unlike to the N-series from Nokia, Sony Ericsson costs higher price for the C-series which have special features on camera and video mobile phones. Then, having advanced mobile phones with internet connection is more inexpensive if people choose to buy Nokia E-series rather than Sony Ericsson T-series. After all, Nokia and Sony Ericsson have the same virtue things, but Nokia sells it with the lower price than Sony Ericsson does.

Another difference between Nokia and Sony Ericsson is about customer’s demand fulfillment. Nokia is inclined to give everything that the customers want. The beginning is started when Sony Ericsson released the W-series for mobile phones which has special content for playing the music, Nokia followed to launch the XpressMusic-series quickly. It continued when Sony Ericsson introduced the C-series at the market, then Nokia published the N-series. Subsequently, Sony Ericsson got stuck with the W-series and the C-series, and Nokia produced the fresh product that was the E-series. The E-series gives complete contents of internet connection features, because people these days are driven crazy by the high technology. In the end, Sony Ericsson finally released the T-series but the features were not really as good as the E-series.

Eventually, Nokia and Sony Ericsson are great brands of mobile phones, and having a sophisticated device from Nokia or Sony Ericsson product gives special satisfaction for every single person. It is important to decide whether the device itself useful for the user or not, and also the cost of mobile phones. By collecting information about the devices, most of Indonesian prefer to buy Nokia than Sony Ericsson. Nokia has more popularity in Indonesia because it offers many features with lower price and it always tries to fulfill the customer’s demand as fast as possible.

Ahmad Khoirul Sholeh Prawiranegara

Cycling: Different Country, Different Interest

Travelling is part of human life. People do a lot of traveling in their life. They go anywhere using vehicle or even just on foot. Formerly, people have developed some kinds of vehicle since the invention of wheel to help them traveling. As a result, we can find many kinds of vehicle surround us, such as bicycle. Bicycle was the main transportation unit in the 19th century. Due to the invention of motorcycle and car, people have forgotten bicycle. Now, in this modern era on which motorcycles and cars are produced massively, many people prefer to use bicycle for traveling. They use bicycle to go to school, work, or just for recreation. This phenomenon can be found both in developed and developing country, for example in Japan and Indonesia. People in these countries have a significant economy gap, but what are their reasons to go cycling? These following aspects are their consideration to go cycling.
To begin with, public facilities have important role in creating people interest to go cycling. As we know, public facilities in developed country are more complete and better than the developing country have. One of the examples is parking lot. A good parking lot is very important to convince people leaving their vehicle, especially cycle, during their activities in certain place. Parking lot in Japan is wonderfully neat, secure, and cheap. We can park our bicycle easily in a parking tower, the parking system in Japan. Using registered card, we only have to put our bicycle in a bicycle lift and swipe the card in the payment machine. Then our bicycle will be automatically parked. It is also easy to take our bicycle. We only have to swipe the card again and the bicycle will come to us. Remember, once we use the card we have to keep it, otherwise we cannot take our bike again. The cost to park a bicycle is cheaper than other vehicle because it uses less space than other vehicle. Compare to Indonesian parking lot, Japanese parking system will be very contrast. Indonesian parking system, especially for bicycle is really messy. We do not have to pay in a parking lot if we use bicycle and put our bike in a very small space in the parking lot. The security never checks whether the one who take the bicycle is the real owner or not. Even though it is cheap, but the security is forgotten by the security guard. It makes us worry to leave our bicycle during our activities. The implication is the number of person who goes cycling in Japan is higher than in Indonesia due to a good parking system.
Then, it is no wondering that convenience and safety cause cycling is more common in Japan. People will feel convenience if the condition in the street is conducive. We can see it through the street conditions. Japanese street is flat and other vehicle is respectful to others. They will give preference to the vehicle which is smaller and slower. Bikers will not be afraid of being hit by car or motorcycle. Unlike in Japan, the condition in Indonesia is horrible. The street, as we know, is full of holes and wavy. It is dangerous for the street user because when the night comes the holes are unseen and the wavy street might cause the rider slipped down. Besides people behavior in the street, especially in the big city, is very wild. They do not respect other people in the street. They will do anything to go to their destination as fast as they can. For example, they will overtake other’s way which moves slower than them. It is terribly dangerous. It is possible to cause an accident. Most of Indonesian people are afraid to ride bicycle in a crowded street. They are considering their safety and convenience when they ride vehicle, especially bicycle.
Besides those differences, they still have some similar reasons. The first reason is they want to be healthy. In this modern era when people busy of working, they have no spare time to exercise. Normally, a person has to do exercise four times a week. We have to move our body to keep our healthy. Several modern diseases are caused by less exercise. For some busy person, bike to work is one of the solutions to keep their health. They still can have exercise in their daily routines. Besides the reason above, people want to reduce the air pollution. Recently, world is getting hot. All countries in the world are facing global warming. Fortunately, some people are campaigning bicycle to work to reduce the air pollution and stop the global warming. They suggest people to use bicycle to go anywhere. These phenomena are happened throughout the world.
In summary, people, especially Japanese and Indonesian, have some consideration to choose cycling as their way of travelling. Some reasons give different effect towards their interest in cycling such as, security, parking system, safety, and convenience on the street. Meanwhile, people have similar interest when they consider about keeping their health and reducing the air pollution. Whatever the reasons are, cycling habit grows gradually throughout the world.




OUTLINE

Thesis Statement: These following aspects are their consideration to go cycling.

Body Paragraph:
1. Topic sentence: To begin with, public facilities have important role in creating people interest to go cycling.
• Fact in the developed country
• Fact in the developing country
2. Topic sentence: Then, it is no wondering that convenience and safety cause cycling is more common in Japan.
• Fact in the developed country
• Fact in the developing country
3. Topic sentence: Besides those differences, they still have some similar reasons.
• Keeping their health
• Reducing air pollution

Concluding Paragraph: In summary, people, especially Japanese and Indonesian, have some consideration to choose cycling as their way of travelling.

Novika Purnama Sari

Best Partner For Your Life

The enhancement of computer technology is increasing significantly year by year. Before 20th century, the computer was regarded to be the most sophisticated gadget in our social life. Only well-off people were able to have it; however, almost all people nowadays have this sophisticated gadget. There are two kinds of computer technology; personal computer and notebook. You might buy a personal computer than a notebook, yet you do not realize that the notebook could be a perfect mate for your entire happenings. These three following aspects will illustrate your choice; the characteristic, the supporting utilities, and the average cost maintenance.

To begin with, even though both personal computer and notebooj enable to assist us in working, a notebook is more effective and efficient than a personal computer. First, let us take a look at the characteristic; notebook has tiny size. It is four-sided. In spite of that, it has already completed with the utilities of personal computer that is formerly place-consuming. Thus, it is portable to bring whenever and wherever. Second, the supporting utilities within this simple device is already completed with a modem to link up to internet, a web camera to perceive people’s face while we do conference as well as, a speaker to construct the sound, and USB to relocate date. Third, the average cost maintenance of the monitor, the keyboard, or the mouse does not require a high charge so that you do not have to spend a lot of money.

Unlike notebook, a personal computer does not effectively and efficiently help us. The characteristic of the personal computer is not quite practical. Ordinarily, it has a big size. The component such as the hardware is detached into different part. It makes the personal computer disable to be brought whenever and wherever straightforwardly. In contrast to a notebook, a set of personal computer generally only consist of monitor, keyboard, mouse, and CPU. We must add supporting utilities if we want to do something more; adding a modem to be in touch by using internet. Also, we still have to buy web camera, speaker, and USB. You could imagine how complicated it is. Besides, the average cost maintenance of personal computer entail you to pay out a lot of money.

In accordance with the characteristics, the supporting utilities, and the average cost maintenance, I could say that these days using notebook confers us more benefit than using personal computer. We really should pay more considerations in buying something so that picking out the notebook for your best mate in your life is a wise decision.

My Two Brothers are Dismantled by The World

Every person is a new door to different world (Six Degrees of Separation), a brief quotation I unintentionally found in magazine two months ago really enlightens me that having differences is very pervasive. It is the omnipresent power of nature that assembles every person is different from the others; although they are real family, there are still differences between each in family. The power of nature persuades me that the world between my two brothers is definitely acceptable as well. Once you see my two brothers, you may argue that they are not exactly siblings, yet they are. It is in common that beauty is in the eye of beholder, yet it is not only about the taste and preference. My two brothers are really different in every way; you would distinguish more differences rather than similarities. Moreover, you might conclude that each of them owns their own worlds without a line connecting their worlds. My first brother and my second brother greatly live in disparity as both of them have their own special characteristics, and these three comparisons would reflect that the world of dissimilarity between my two brothers is truly exist and makes each of them poles apart.

To begin with, the most distinguishable difference is their appearance. My first brother, Akrim, is fat, plump, broad-shouldered boy; otherwise we can say that he is big. Surprisingly, he is much taller than my father whose height is merely reaching Akrim’s ears since Akrim’s height is approximately 180 cm. Thus, he is the biggest and the tallest person among my family as well. He has ginger and wavy hair and he always tousles his hair as he does not really like neat appearance. He has never had his hair be combed; he likes to wear t-shirt everywhere he goes and indeed jeans. I once asked the reason he likes to live in messiness and he answered me briefly that he feels uncomfortable being neat. Unlike Akrim, my second brother who is called Haidi is the smallest and thinnest person in my family; however, he is not the shortest. He is in averaged-tall for boys aged 15. He has black and thick hair; moreover, he is kind of person who will not have a hair out which means he really likes to have neat appearance. I rarely find him wears t-shirt as he always wears shirt even when he wants to go playing with his friends. When you see Akrim and Haidi stands in line, you will notice at a glance how different they are. Hence, appearance is the first difference that they show to you.

The second thing that makes them really live in disparity is their personal traits. Akrim has worse personal traits as he is such a foul-tempered person. His temper is easily flared when he notices a thing does not suit him and he always punches his brothers or sisters when one of us unintentionally annoys him. Suppose you get his punches, you will never forget the pain for the world as his arms are perfectly made up for perfect punches, strong and big. That is the reason why I always avoid arguing with him. Not only bad tempered, he is also kind of person who has less patience. He panics easily when he could not find something he looks for and the worst things are he often turns the place upside down and yells loudly. In contrast, Haidi is much calmer than Akrim. He never shows his anger off; he prefers to be quiet when he starts to get mad. He can deal with patience and he always does everything carefully, unlike Akrim. He speaks softly and his speech is also well-controlled. Therefore, Akrim uses his heart less than Haidi does.

The last dissimilarity you can notice between my two brothers is the way they use their brain or the way they learn, one man’s food is another’s poison. Akrim could deal with numbers standing on his head. Solving physics and math problems is like falling off a log for him even he does not know the formula; he uses his logic to create the formula and solve the problems. He has passion for numbers and computer programming. However, there is a weakness frightening him, it is his inability memorize written theories. Red marks always appear in his school report for English, Biology, and History as well. Different from Akrim, Haidi has his main power in memorizing; consequently, his English, Biology, and History are almost in perfect score. He thinks nothing of memorizing the brain cells; he needs only few minutes to memorize them all. He is the master of memorizing lesson, yet he is the worst of counting numbers, everything about numbers. In conclusion, Akrim deals with his logic more while Haidi deals with his memory.

Briefly, the existence of the world between them can be noticed easily. Their different appearance is the first thing you can spot at a glance and their second difference, their personal traits describes how they are really trapped in disparity. In addition, the dissimilarity between the way they learn becomes additional difference completing the former comparisons as well. Blood is always thicker than water, which is the reason why I still love my two brothers though they are not same at all. I convince myself that there must be sweet silver lining beneath their differences since their special characteristics make them more special for me. Furthermore, every person is unique. Though each of them has different worlds and no line linking their worlds, I still completely love them and having such brothers is kind of a pride.

Luh Eka Yulianthi

Libraries to Go at State University of Malang

Library is a place that is important to search for some references. In State University of Malang, many libraries have been built. Those building can assist the students to raise their knowledge. In each faculty in this university, we may find some libraries which are built to help the students getting some information. Two of them are the main library and the faculty of letters’ library. We can find them in our campus and also visit there whenever we want. Nevertheless, we must also recognize that there are some differences between the main library and the faculty of letters’ library.

First of all, the main library provides complete facilities. It is because facilities are the main aspects to attract the students to come there. The main library gives lots of hotspot areas, thus we can browse the information freely. However, we actually need a wider spot in the main library to access the internet. Unlike the main library, the faculty letters’ library provides the limited network and also the limited place to access the hot spot. The students also have to ask the assistant when they borrow or return some books from library. There are a few computers to search for some sources in catalog. Different from the faculty of letters’ library, the main library has some online computers that can help the student to borrow or return some books. They can do those themselves without asking to the assistant and also standing in line for a long time. Then, the main library has large reading room while the faculty of letters’ library has small reading room which is divided by four rooms. Hence, the main library is more comfortable than the faculty of letters’ library.

Second, like the main library, the faculty of letters’ library should provide more references. It can provide more various books, not only literary works but also other subjects. So, the student will be interested in coming there. They are able to read the book, exercise their homework, and also discuss with their friends. By adding many interesting books, providing more great novels written by the famous authors and also expanding the room for reading room, perhaps the students will be more interested to come. Thus all students from other department could visit there also. In brief, the faculty of letters’ library is expected to assist the students to add their knowledge easily.

In addition, different from the faculty of letters’ library, in main library, we know that some books are too old to be used. Many of them are worn out. Sometimes, when we read some, there are several missing pages each book. It influences the student to get the information, so they will be difficult to search for the information. Therefore the main library’s assistant should replace with the new ones and that are suitable with the demand of the modern age.

In conclusion, it is clear that the main library and the faculty of letters’ library are different. We can look at from the hotspot areas till the quality of book. The main library is more complete than the faculty of letters’ library. That is because the main library provides many facilities that can help the student to improve their knowledge, but it does not mean that the faculty of letters’ library is the worst. The main library must also replace some books that are worn out, so the students will feel comfortable to go there.


Tuesday, November 24, 2009

Alvin Nouval

Between OZ and UK

Living in the southern part of the world makes Australian looks differently from their neighbor nations. If we compare them to the native of the land, Aborigine, or other people who live on the land among them; we may guess that perhaps their grandfather and their grand grandfather were not natively born on the earth of Australia. Actually, Australian came from the northern land of Europe, England. That’s why there are so many indicators to consider Australian as Englishman’s brother. Their ancestry connection can be proofed by the origin of their race, their language, and their way of thinking. Although they are comparable in some ways, Australian and Englishman can be differed into their accents and their behaviour.

Australian and Englishman are alike because of some reasons. As example, based on history written, around 400 years ago, the Englishman Isles were in a condition of continuous war. Not only different regions of Britain were fighting each other, but also the entire of the region was continually being invaded by mainland armies. As a result, in 1788, the Scottish, Irish, Welsh and English troublemakers along with soldiers were exported to the southern part of the world, where they laid a new state of Australia there few years later. Thus, why Australians nowadays looks like Englishman are because they once became United Kingdom natives. In addition, that is why Australian could speak English in their daily life as well as Englishman does because of their history. They can pronounce every single letter as fluent as Englishman does. So, similarly to Englishman, Australian uses English as their mother tongue. Therefore, because of the language and race similarity, Australian also pictures how Englishman people thinking. Like Englishman who are very secular and realistic, Australian constructed that way too. Both Australian and Englishman judge everything from logical aspect rather than divine aspect. Compared to their history, their language usage, and their mindset, Australian is Englishman.

However, meters matter in differences. As two nations who are living with distance trait, they distinct each other. For example, Australian speaks English differently contrasted to the way Englishman speaks even though they have a language in common. Australian English has been heavily influenced by American English. Consequently, Australians often use the American spelling for words such as 'organization’. Australian uses "the couple is happy," rather than Englishman "the couple are happy." Furthermore, another example that can distinguish Australian from Englishman is their contrast behaviour. Unlike Australian who is rather straight-forward and simple, Englishman is calm and likes to have a roundabout expression to say in their conversation. Besides, in contrast to Australian who is fighting with the wildlife of the desert, Englishman who lives under the grey sky of England is considered as more cultured and polite. In conclusion, explained from statements above, distance trait makes them different in some ways.

Although the two nations different in some aspects, they share more than one similarities. For instance, based on the passages above, we could comprehend that Australian is Englishman because of their similarities in the way of history, their language usage, and their mindset. On the other hand, they also distinguish each other based on their way to speak English and their behaviour. In conclusion, Australian and Englishman: different, yet alike.

Sunday, November 22, 2009

Ardhi Eka Fadilah

Nuclear Fusion vs Nuclear Fission
Nuclear energy should be a consideration for the future with the rapidly depleting supply of fossil fuels. This type of energy can be created through nuclear fission and nuclear fusion. Nuclear fission is the splitting of a heavy atom into two or more parts, releasing huge amounts of energy. The release of energy can be controlled and captured for generating electricity. Nuclear fusion involves bombarding hydrogen atoms together to form helium. Although both of them are types of nuclear, there are some outstanding differences between nuclear fusion and nuclear fission.

Cost and availability of fuel is a considerable factor when dealing with nuclear power. Fission requires an element that can be easily split in a particle accelerator, such as uranium or plutonium. Fusion, on the other hand, uses isotopes of hydrogen atoms, specifically deuterium and tritium that can be obtained from ordinary water. Uranium ores occur naturally in many parts of the world but must go through a costly purification process before used as fuel. The unprocessed ore contains approximately 99.3% uranium-238, a non-fissionable isotope of uranium, and only about 0.7% of U-235 required for fission. One hydrogen atom out of 6700 appears as deuterium, a naturally occurring isotope of hydrogen with an extra neutron, and can easily be separated from the rest. Uranium-235 is a non-renewable resource that will eventually run out, much like the fossil fuels. The abundance of deuterium and lithium provide a virtually unlimited supply of fuel for nuclear fusion. Therefore, nuclear fusion seems to be the better choice.

Second, the potential amount of energy produced by fusion can greatly outweigh the fission. Originally, there are some disadvantages to fusion. The time and money required to develop technology needed to initiate, contain, and sustain a profitable fusion reaction is costly, but the development is still in its early stages and will continue to advance through the next century. Fission creates a chain reaction which must be slowed through use of a moderator to avoid core meltdown, while fusion can only be accomplished at temperatures similar to the centre of stars, about 100 million degrees Celsius. The components used in fusion exist in the form of plasma where atoms are divided into electrons and nuclei. No solid material known to man can withstand temperatures necessary for nuclear fusion, but several methods of containment are being researched, magnetic confinement and inertial confinement. Until recently, all fusion devices developed have used much more energy than produced, but the latest designs have been able to generate an equal amount of energy to that required to sustain the reaction. Finally, fusion of a given mass of deuterium will be able to create over four times the energy produced through fission of an equal mass of uranium. It is just a matter of time and development before useful amounts of electricity can be produced through fusion.

Finally, the biggest concern people have about nuclear power is the production of radioactive waste among other hazards. First, the radioactive waste produced by fission remains highly radioactive for thousands of years. Fusion produces only low levels of short lived radiation, decaying almost completely within 100 years. Secondly, neither fission nor fusion reactors produce the greenhouse gas emissions that contribute to global warming and acid rain. Finally, a malfunction of the moderator in nuclear fission reactors almost assures a core meltdown. Fusion reactions, however, are so extremely difficult to sustain that if anything were to go wrong, the reaction would invariably stop. After examining the potential of such technologies as fusion it becomes the obvious choice over fission.

In conclusion, nuclear fusion has much more potential for long term use than the current fission reactors, even though in the short term it may cost a little more to develop. The small price to pay for development of fusion technology seems trivial in comparison to the price of the planet.